Material Properties

To determine the right material for a specific application, it’s important to start by understanding its intrinsic material properties. How a material behaves under stress, exposure to different temperatures, and how it interacts with other substances will play an important role in determining how a profile will perform over time.

TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer)

TPE represents a versatile class of materials that blends the elastic properties of rubber with the processing benefits of thermoplastics. TPE profiles are soft to the touch, highly flexible, and capable of returning to their original shape after compression. These qualities are essential in applications requiring a tight, adaptive seal.

Modern TPEs offer improved chemical resistance and UV stability, closing the gap between rubber and plastic materials. Some TPE grades are engineered for higher hardness and dimensional stability, making them suitable for structural applications that previously defaulted to PVC. Additionally, TPE materials are often recyclable and can be reprocessed with minimal material degradation, making them a more sustainable option.

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

PVC is a synthetic thermoplastic polymer widely used across the construction and manufacturing industries. It is characterized by its rigidity and chemical stability, and offers reliable resistance to oils, acids, and other aggressive substances. One of its standout features is its inherent strength, which allows it to retain shape and structure even under mechanical stress. PVC performs well in outdoor conditions thanks to its UV resistance, making it a reliable option for exposed installations.

Furthermore, PVC is a cost-effective solution for high-volume projects, thanks to its availability and well-established production processes. However, its rigidity can become a drawback in dynamic or high-flex applications where elasticity and shape recovery are needed.

Applications

Now that we understand the base properties, the next key factor is application-specific suitability. PVC and TPE are both used in sealing and profile applications, but they excel in different environments and roles depending on mechanical demands, environmental exposure, and assembly methods.

PVC Seals and Profiles

PVC seals and profiles are primarily used in structural roles. Their rigidity makes them ideal for window and door frames, cladding, trunking, and pipe profiles, which are all areas where maintaining dimensional stability over time is critical. In building applications, PVC is commonly extruded into profiles that integrate into larger systems, such as glazing frames or exterior wall systems.

In transportation and heavy equipment manufacturing, PVC is used in semi-structural protective profiles, thanks to its resistance to corrosion and wear. Its long-standing presence in these industries also means PVC profiles are widely available and supported by a large network of tooling and processing expertise.

TPE Seals and Profiles

TPE profiles shine in applications that require frequent movement, thermal cycling, or dynamic sealing. These include automotive door seals, HVAC gaskets, vibration-damping elements, and components in consumer products. Their softness also allows TPE seals to form tight, adaptive contact with surfaces of varying geometries, making them ideal in applications where tolerances are inconsistent or subject to change, such as thermal expansion.

In building applications, TPE profiles are increasingly used in fenestration systems for flexible glazing gaskets and thermal break elements. Their acoustic and impact-absorbing properties also make them valuable in interior finishing systems and modular components. Unlike PVC, TPE can be co-extruded with other materials (like hard plastics), enabling multi-material profiles in a single production run.

Performance Considerations

Beyond physical properties and use cases, other performance metrics such as temperature resistance, sustainability, and lifecycle costs play an important role in material selection. Understanding how PVC and TPE behave under real-world conditions will help clarify which material is actually better suited for a which application.

Temperature Resistance

PVC maintains structural integrity at moderately high temperatures and offers decent resistance to heat deformation. However, it tends to become brittle in the lower temperatures, making it less suitable for applications exposed to sub-zero environments.

TPE, on the other hand, retains flexibility and elasticity in cold conditions and can also be formulated for high-temperature tolerance. Specialized TPE compounds can withstand operating temperatures above 120°C, and fire-retardant versions are available for critical safety applications in transportation, construction, and electrical housing.

Environmental Impact

Environmental performance is an important consideration in materials selection. TPE stands out as a recyclable material that can often be processed using energy-efficient methods, reducing overall environmental impact. In addition, many TPEs are produced without plasticizers, heavy metals, or halogenated compounds, making them safer to handle and dispose of than many other profile materials.

PVC’s environmental profile is more complex. While it is durable and long-lasting, its production and disposal raise concerns due to the use of chlorine and the generation of toxic byproducts like dioxins. Recycling of PVC is possible but limited by additives and cross-contamination risks. For companies focused on sustainability, TPE often represents a forward-looking alternative.

Cost Considerations

PVC’s widespread availability and long production history give it a cost advantage in many applications. It’s often the go-to solution for projects where budget constraints are strict and mechanical performance is not heavily demanding.

TPE, while generally more expensive up front, offers value over time. Its superior performance in dynamic and harsh conditions can reduce maintenance costs, extend service life, and support circular manufacturing through recycling. When total lifecycle costs are considered, including disposal and sustainability goals. TPE may offer better long-term value, especially in high-performance applications.

Should you switch over to TPE?

PVC and TPE are both versatile and reliable materials, each offering clear benefits depending on the intended use: 

• PVC excels in rigid, structural applications where cost efficiency and durability are the primary drivers 
• TPE provides advanced sealing performance, dynamic flexibility, and a more favorable environmental footprint, especially in modern engineered grades that rival the strength and stiffness of traditional plastics

For construction and industrial projects, the decision between PVC and TPE should be made based on application-specific requirements, environmental conditions, sustainability targets, and total lifecycle cost. With today’s advanced TPE compounds, replacing PVC even in traditionally rigid applications is increasingly possible, offering designers and engineers new flexibility in their material choices.

Whether you’re building resilient infrastructure, sealing sensitive machinery, or developing eco-conscious products, understanding the trade-offs between PVC and TPE empowers you to select the right profile material for lasting performance.

Our solutions

Our TPE profiles are widely used in the construction industry due to their insulating abilities, durability and high quality. Of course, windows and doors are the most apparent components where one could find our profiles, but so many things are still hidden from the naked eye, such as timber frames. You can read more about our customer case with Honkarakenne here.

TPE is a very versatile material, which is why it is also used in heavy industry. The pulp and paper industry requires chemical and tear resistance, which are TPE’s strong suits. We have several ways to make TPE profiles into frames, rings, hoops, and other forms that can be easily fitted into the heavy machinery used in the chemical industry. To learn more about manufacturing frames and rings, read this article.

Furthermore, we have several years of experience manufacturing regular and fireproof seals for the railway and maritime industries. Even though the profiles may look the same, their properties vary depending on the circumstances they will have to endure. One of our most recent transportation industry customer cases comes from the maritime industry, as we helped the largest cruise ship in the world, The Icon of the Seas, set sail on time. Read the full article here.

As we mentioned above, TPE is a more ecological alternative for PVC, but we have taken this even further by developing Bio-TPE profiles. Like regular TPE, Bio-TPE is fully recyclable, non-toxic, and has the same properties as regular TPE. 65% of the fossil raw materials have been replaced with bio-based oils, which makes it a much more ecological option.

Are you looking for a PVC replacement?

You are not alone. Many of our clients are looking for environmentally friendly alternatives for PVC profiles, and we are happy to help. Our experts can assist you in finding the right solution for your industry. Contact our sales team to start your journey towards a more sustainable future!

Artikkeli PVC vs. TPE profiles julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Production and shipments will continue as usual all summer long, with one exception: we’ll be taking a short break during week 29 (13–19.7), when shipments will pause. We recommend planning ahead to make sure your deliveries stay on schedule. By placing your orders in good time, you’ll avoid unnecessary delays and keep your projects running smoothly.

Need profiles or gaskets for your upcoming work? Whether you’re kicking off something new or restocking for ongoing operations, we’re here to help you move forward efficiently and stress-free.

Get in touch with V.A.V. Group today and place your orders early!

Artikkeli July Summer Break julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

“At some point, I felt like my previous job was no longer the kind of job where I could do things the way that would really serve the clients. During my maternity leave, I started thinking about what to do next, and I decided to study something completely new.”

A new direction in engineering

The change in field took some careful consideration for Johanna. She considered future job opportunities and ended up studying mechanical engineering at Lapland University of Applied Sciences:

“Mechanical engineering felt right, especially because it also allows you to work with your hands. I like designing, but also the fact that I get to implement and test things myself.”

During her studies, her focus shifted further to plastics technology, which she studied as a cross-curricular subject at Satakunta UAS. This eventually led to her applying for an internship at companies in the field, and is how she eventually landed at our doorstep.

From an internship to a permanent role

Johanna Lonnakko started at V.A.V. Group as an intern on a project related to new raw materials. Project work, thesis, and production tasks ran parallel for a long time. In her thesis, Johanna developed a tool for the TPE line that made it possible to streamline product manufacturing and reduce errors. The solution proved so effective that it was decided to keep the work as internal company information!

As graduation approached and a position opened up at the company, the transition to a permanent role came naturally.

A diverse role keeps the work interesting

Johanna’s workdays vary greatly. The work includes design, 3D printing, production work, quality assurance, and material development.

“Sometimes I can spend weeks on the computer designing and making reports, and other times I’m in production developing and testing new solutions. That variety is what makes the work meaningful.”

According to Johanna, one of the best parts of the job is the opportunity to take ideas from start to finish yourself:

“In many larger companies, the designer designs, and someone else creates the product. Here, you get to make, test, and develop things yourself until they are finished. It teaches you the process in a completely different way.”

Striking a balance between work and home life

The work community gets a special mention from Johanna. In a small organization, cooperation is smooth, and help is easy to get.

“It’s easy to be here, easy to come to work in the mornings. You don’t have to play any role; you can just be yourself. Everyone knows each other, and you can get help quickly since you always know who to ask.”

In contrast to work, her everyday life revolves around her family. Her two young children waiting at home make sure that the evenings are never boring. In addition, her free time includes agility practice with her dog, motorcycle riding, and 3D printing – a hobby that found its way home from her studies.

“I got into 3D printing when I was a student. Nowadays, the plastic printer is sometimes almost like a television for the kids, it’s fun for them to watch while the printing is in progress, especially if I’m printing something for them”, she laughs.

Welcome, Johanna, to your new position at V.A.V. Group!

Artikkeli Meet Johanna Lonnakko: Design & Quality Engineer julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

As regulations increase and require environmental data at the project level, our customers need verified product information to complete their calculations. To provide our customers with the right documentation, we at V.A.V. Group turned to Reforest Finland Oy for help.

Sustainability requirements are going through changes

According to Atte Borgenström, CEO of sustainability consultancy Reforest, the change in mindset over the past few years has been dramatic.

“We’ve worked with sustainability reporting and carbon footprint calculations for years – carbon footprint reporting has been the core of our work for a long time. But regulation is tightening fast, and requirements keep growing. As a result, companies now need much broader solutions than before.”

Reforest, founded in 2020 and located in Tampere, Finland, supports companies with sustainability reporting, carbon footprint calculations, EPDs, and other environmental assessments. While interest started off slowly, in recent years the demand has accelerated rapidly.

“The number of inquiries has increased massively. Around 2021, sustainability was still often seen as something close to charity. Today, decision-makers understand that it’s an essential part of doing business.”

A combination of EU regulation and market pressure drives this shift. Larger companies increasingly require verified environmental data from their suppliers, which means smaller and mid-sized manufacturers must also be able to provide credible, standardized information.

What the EPD covers

An EPD is based on a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a product. It usually applies to construction products, where environmental performance plays a key role in project-level calculations.

“An EPD shows the environmental impacts of a product across its entire life cycle – from manufacturing and use to end of life. That includes CO₂ emissions and other greenhouse gases, but also impacts on water and ecosystems,” Borgenström explains.

The result is a detailed document containing a large amount of quantified data. While this may seem complex at first glance, its value becomes clear at the project level.

“A building consists of many different components. By combining EPDs, you can calculate the total carbon footprint and environmental impact of the entire building.”

Because EPDs follow harmonized standards and are third-party verified, the data is consistent and comparable, something that unverified calculations cannot guarantee.

Why this matters to us

One of the key strengths of EPDs is that they are always produced according to the same rules. All assumptions must be justified, and nothing essential can be left out.

Once the calculations are complete, the EPD is reviewed by an accredited verifier, who checks the methodology, data sources, and results before approving publication. Verified EPDs are public documents and can be found in databases such as EPD Hub.

A verified EPD is valid for 5 years, provided the product’s composition does not undergo significant changes. If production methods, materials, or energy sources change during that time, updating the EPD can help reflect improved environmental performance.

This is the first EPD calculation for V.A.V. Group and, as such, a starting point for continuous evaluation and improvement of materials, production, and recycling processes to achieve even better results in the future.     

What if a product has no EPD?

If a product does not have its own EPD, generic emission factors are typically used in building or project calculations. While this allows projects to move forward, the results are often less accurate and frequently less favorable than product-specific data.

“For manufacturers operating in Finland and other regions with energy-efficient production and low-carbon electricity, this can be a missed opportunity,” Borgenström notes.

EPDs make it possible to demonstrate real differences between products, especially when compared to alternatives manufactured under very different environmental conditions.

Ask our team for more details!

Reforest carried out the EPD calculations for V.A.V. Group’s products, supporting the process from life cycle assessment to third-party verification. For broad product portfolios, EPDs can often be created for product groups within defined variation ranges, making them a practical and scalable solution even when individual product variants are numerous.

You can now find EPD verifications for our silicone profiles and our TPE sealing profiles on EPD-Hub or by following the links below!

As sustainability expectations continue to evolve, EPDs offer a stable foundation grounded in data, verified by third parties, and increasingly essential for doing business in construction and industry. We at V.A.V. Group will continue to do our part in providing up-to-date documentation on our materials and products.

Artikkeli V.A.V. Group Shares EPD Verifications julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

What is a profile extrusion die?
A profile extrusion die is a custom-made tool used to shape materials, such as silicone and TPE, into a continuous cross-sectional profile.
 As the material is pushed through the die, it takes on the exact shape of the opening, allowing for the precise production of items like seals, gaskets, and other industrial profiles. 
Silicone profile is then additionally run through an oven so that it will retain its shape.

Meet the brief

One of the key advantages of V.A.V. Group’s process is the seamless integration of in-house metal 3D printing with design expertise. With our engineer Arttu Juntunen at the helm, new tool concepts can be rapidly turned into physical prototypes using the company’s metal 3D printer. This not only accelerates development but also allows for immediate hands-on evaluation of form and fit before any metal tooling is made.

The first step is always understanding the customer’s need for a certain profile. Together with our sales team and the customer’s representative, we gather all the necessary information to see how we could find the right solution. Careful planning is crucial, as that is how we find the right manufacturing process for the profile and calculate the costs of manufacturing. Once the project has been green-lighted, the process itself is relatively swift: within two weeks, we will have designed and 3D-printed the tool and will be ready to make your prototype. Usually, it only takes minor tweaks here and there by hand to reach the final product.

V.A.V. Group works closely with its customers to avoid mistakes. The customer usually knows the basic needs of their new profile – the shape, material, heat resistance, etc. Most customers deliver all the information along with images, blueprints, and measurements, but if those are unavailable or the customer is placing their first order, our salespeople are experts in their field and will help the customer with the specifications.

Custom is the new standard

By printing and testing the extrusion of prototypes on-site, we can significantly reduce sample time and optimize the tools before moving on to full-scale manufacturing. Depending on the tool, the printing will take from one to three days. This streamlined approach shortens the feedback loop and ensures that by the time a tool reaches the production line, it’s already well-refined, minimizing downtime and improving overall production run time. The result is a faster path from concept to tested profile, giving customers quicker access to tailored solutions.

V.A.V. Group has used a 3D printer since 2017, but our custom extrusion dies go back a long way. EDM wire cutters are still relatively common, but the efficiency of a 3D printer is unbeatable. 3D printing is not always faster than EDM wire cutting, but it’s more efficient, as the printer can handle several extrusion dies and does most of the work. All we need to do is make tiny adjustments by hand, and often not even that. The printer is so much more accurate than any welder or cutter. The number of custom tools we have created is in the thousands by now, given that we design around 50 custom tools per year.

Aside from a few staple profiles, every profile is unique and requires its own tool. Even though the term “custom-made” is linked to a higher price tag in consumers’ minds, it’s the complete opposite in B2B solutions. It’s either a custom extrusion die or altering common profiles. By running the quick math, one custom tool that is technically eternal will make every inch of the profile cheaper the more you produce.

How to get your custom profiles

V.A.V. Group has a customer-oriented and flexible approach to profile manufacturing. Learn how to get your bespoke profiles in four simple steps.

Learn more

Artikkeli Crafting Innovation: 3D Printing for Quick & Custom Solutions julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Greenled solutions are designed with the product’s life cycle in mind. Long life, serviceability, upgradeability, and reusability are key product features that support sustainable and responsible lighting. Energy efficiency and intelligent control solutions help customers reduce their carbon footprint and energy consumption significantly. Greenled doesn’t just offer lights, but complete solutions that meet the lighting needs of today and tomorrow – cleaner, smarter, and longer-lasting.

„Our specialty is handling the largest, most challenging renovations, for example, in the food or heavy industry. Installations are carried out at night, with the customer’s production in mind. This also keeps things safe for both customers and our installers.“ – Niko Kaivosoja, Key Account Manager, Greenled

Common roots in Northern Finland

Greenled and V.A.V. Group share not only a home in Northern Finland but also the same values of domesticity, quality, and sustainability. Greenled was involved in the expansion and renovation of V.A.V. Group’s facilities, supplying and installing new, energy-efficient LED light fixtures throughout the production area and offices. While Greenled provides the lighting for our facilities, we also supply the gaskets for their fixtures, making us both a customer and a supplier, and highlighting how our core strengths complement one another.

„It is important to us that the components for the luminaires come from Finland. When the components are reliable, we can guarantee quality products with a long warranty period.“ – Niko Kaivosoja

The cooperation between our companies is natural: both invest in domestic production, technical quality, and long-lasting solutions that serve customers and the environment. Shared values and common ground make the partnership between Greenled and V.A.V. Group sustainable.

V.A.V. Group’s production facility renovation

Replacing the lighting was an important part of the renovation of our premises. Greenled’s system makes it possible to adjust the light output to the needs of different parts of the hall and offices. This means that every workstation gets the right lighting, and no one has to suffer from too little or too bright lighting.

 „The old fluorescent tubes went out regularly, and replacing them at 6 metres is not easy. Our old hall has had Greenled lighting for over five years, and in that time we have not had to replace a single bulb.“ – Pasi Vilén, CEO, V.A.V. Group

The update was a significant improvement over the previous fluorescent lighting. LED lighting is also cost-effective in terms of both energy consumed and maintenance requirements.  The switch from fluorescent to LED also resulted in notable energy savings. New controls are also playing their part in improving energy efficiency:

„The new controls also save energy. The factory is divided into sectors, and if there are no people in one sector, the lights in that sector will automatically slowly dim to 20%.“ – Niko Kaivosoja

Smart lighting

The new LEDs take into account the natural fading of lights. When the light fixtures are installed, their brightness is set at around 80%, and as the power of the LED fades over the years, the brightness can be increased to compensate without having to replace the lights unnecessarily. The durability of LED luminaires is most affected by temperature, as high temperatures can reduce lighting efficiency. A renovation of the air conditioning system around the same time ensured that the conditions in our factory are now also good for the new lighting, so they will easily last up to 150 thousand hours. The difference with the former is nothing but positive:

„The lighting upgrade and replacement for V.A.V. Group went very smoothly thanks to Greenled, and the new LED lighting has significantly improved working conditions and safety at work.“ – Pasi Vilén

V.A.V. Group as Greenled’s domestic component supplier

V.A.V. Group has been supplying components for Greenled’s light fixtures for many years, starting in 2018. The life cycle of the light fixtures is a key part of their quality, so the light fixtures‘ seal must also be durable. If one component of a light fixture becomes brittle before the others, the durability of the entire fixture is compromised.

To ensure quality, Greenled light fixtures are sealed with a silicone profile manufactured by V.A.V. Group. Silicone is a versatile material. It can be adapted to provide excellent resistance to temperature changes, humidity, UV radiation, or various chemicals. Choosing the right material for the profile is important. Outdoor lights especially are going to take quite the beating in the rapidly changing Finnish weather.

A relationship that has lasted for years is the result of many factors. In addition to Greenled’s focus on domesticity, our fast delivery fits the needs of Greenled’s busy schedule. Practical factors also play a role: we offer tailor-made solutions according to our customers‘ needs. For Greenled, this means that we shape the profile into frames that are measured to fit the light fixtures and apply adhesive tape to the frames to make installation quick and easy on Greenled’s end.

Collaboration sealed for success

The cooperation between Greenled and V.A.V. Group is an example of what happens when two domestic specialist companies combine their expertise for a common goal. We want to invest in quality, sustainability, and development – not just in words, but in practical solutions that stand the test of time. Together, we are building not only more efficiently lit and sealed products, but also a more responsible and vibrant Finnish industry. This partnership is not just a rational choice – it is a natural extension of our common roots and shared vision for a sustainable future.

Artikkeli Customer Story: Greenled julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Halton Marine, Energy, and Infrastructure (MEI), also known as Halton Marine, is part of the global Halton Group and develops advanced ventilation and safety solutions for demanding environments, ranging from offshore platforms to cruise ships. At the Lahti factory in Finland, components are transformed into final products that must meet strict international safety standards. One key supplier has played an important role in this process: V.A.V. Group.

Looking for a Fast, Flexible, and Reliable Supplier

Purchasing Manager Merja Kauto recalls that the collaboration began a decade ago when Halton Marine needed seals cut to exact lengths. “We are a project-based company, and we were looking for a supplier who is flexible, fast, and reliable. That’s when V.A.V. Group became our partner,” she explains.

Today, V.A.V. Group delivers seals for a wide range of Halton products, particularly fire dampers used on ships. These components play a vital role in passenger safety. In the event of a fire, the dampers close to prevent flames and toxic gases from spreading to other parts of the vessel. Even though seals may seem like a small element in the system, their function is critical.

Customer-Centric Service

Halton’s requirements are strict for a reason: seals must meet stringent safety certifications, withstand explosive atmospheres, and comply with ISO standards. According to Kauto, V.A.V. Group delivers consistently on all fronts.

She highlights the personal service provided by V.A.V. Group’s sales manager, Mia Ahlgren: “Whenever I call, I get an answer—or a call back almost immediately. She understands that our customers in Asia, for example, cannot wait until the next day. Quick responses are essential.”

This responsiveness extends beyond communication. V.A.V. Group agreed to cut seals to precise measurements for different damper blades, a service that makes installation on Halton’s manufacturing floor faster and easier. Importantly, the same level of attention is given regardless of order size, whether Kauto orders two pieces or twenty thousand.

Quality, Price, and Reliability

For Halton, the decision to continue working with V.A.V. Group is clear. The “holy trinity” of quality, lead time, and price is consistently met. While seals are not the most expensive components in their products, their reliability is non-negotiable.

Kauto also notes the value of transparent communication. “Problems do and will happen– whether it’s availability issues or quality concerns. But V.A.V. Group always informs us in advance. That honesty makes it possible for us to prepare and for our own customers to prepare. It’s not easy to deliver difficult news, but it shows real partnership.”

Beyond Transactions: Building Trust

The relationship goes beyond email exchanges. Meetings at trade fairs and factory visits have built trust and opened doors for joint development discussions. According to Kauto, this personal connection makes it easier to ask questions and explore potential solutions together.

Halton also values the supplier’s commitment to sustainability and certifications. Documentation, audits, and continuous improvement efforts demonstrate that V.A.V. Group is aligned with the growing importance of environmental responsibility in the industry.

For Halton Marine, safety and reliability are the cornerstones of its products, and V.A.V. Group’s seals help ensure both. A decade of collaboration has proven the value of a partner who delivers quality, flexibility, and transparent service. As Kauto summarizes, the reason for loyalty is simple: “When quality, delivery time, and price are all in balance, there’s no reason to change suppliers.”

Artikkeli Customer Story: Halton julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Why Standards Matter in Sealing Solutions

In regulated industries, it is not enough for a seal to simply perform well in practice. Authorities, manufacturers, and operators require documented compliance with recognized standards. This ensures that the materials, design, and testing methods meet a common benchmark for quality and safety. For customers, working with a supplier that understands these requirements provides peace of mind and reduces risks during inspections, audits, and certifications.

Railway Applications and Relevant Standards

Railway environments subject seals to constant vibration, fluctuating temperatures, and exposure to cleaning chemicals. Profiles must maintain performance over long service lives while supporting passenger safety and comfort.

The most important framework is the EN 45545 series, which specifies fire safety requirements for railway applications. For sealing profiles, this means using materials with proven fire resistance and low smoke and toxicity in case of fire. Compliance with EN 45545 is mandatory for rail vehicles operating in the European Union.

In addition to fire safety, standards such as EN 61373 (shock and vibration testing) influence the design and testing of profiles. Seals must withstand mechanical stresses without losing elasticity or sealing capability. Noise and vibration reduction are also part of railway comfort requirements, so seals are often expected to contribute to a quieter and more stable travel environment.

Marine Applications and Relevant Standards

The marine industry presents its own set of challenges. Saltwater, UV exposure, humidity, and fluctuating temperatures accelerate material wear. Safety is also paramount, especially on passenger vessels or offshore platforms.

Standards such as the IMO Fire Test Procedures Code (FTP Code) define fire safety criteria for marine equipment. Sealing profiles used in doors, windows, and bulkheads must pass flame spread and smoke emission tests. Many ship classification societies, including DNV and Lloyd’s Register, require documented compliance before approving materials for use.

Environmental resistance is another key factor. Marine seals often need certification for resistance to ozone, UV light, and salt spray. By meeting these standards, profiles ensure long-term durability in one of the harshest operational environments.

ISO Standards for Materials and Testing

Alongside sector-specific requirements, a range of ISO standards guide material testing and performance evaluation. For example:

• ISO 37 covers the determination of tensile stress and strain in rubber materials, a key measure of elasticity.
  
• ISO 815 defines how to test compression set, which shows how well a seal retains its shape after being compressed.
  
• ISO 48 describes hardness testing, ensuring that materials meet design specifications.
  

These tests provide reliable data on how seals will perform under real-world conditions. When manufacturers follow ISO testing methods, customers can trust that the results are accurate and comparable across different suppliers.

The Role of Compliance in Design and Procurement

Compliance is not only about passing tests at the end of production. It starts with material selection, continues through extrusion design, and extends to the final installation in the field. By considering standards early in the design phase, companies can avoid costly redesigns and delays. For procurement teams, documented compliance simplifies supplier selection and reduces the risk of non-conformity in later inspections.

Conclusion: Standards as a Foundation for Reliability

In the railway and marine industries, sealing profiles must do more than simply provide a tight fit. They need to perform consistently under harsh conditions and prove compliance with strict EU and ISO standards. Fire safety, mechanical resistance, and environmental durability are all part of the requirements.

Choosing a sealing partner who understands and applies these standards ensures that every profile contributes to the overall safety and efficiency of the system. At V.A.V. Group, we help our customers navigate the complexity of compliance by providing seals that meet industry regulations without compromising on performance. If you need sealing solutions that combine reliability with proven certification, our team is ready to support your next project.

Artikkeli EU and ISO Standards for Sealing Profiles in Railway and Marine Applications julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Why Seal Reliability Matters

When a seal loses its function, the consequences can be serious. Leaks may damage equipment, reduce energy efficiency, or even compromise safety in critical applications such as transportation, marine environments, or heavy machinery. The costs of emergency repairs and unscheduled downtime are usually much higher than investing in high-quality seals and proper maintenance from the start.

Common Causes of Seal Failure

Most sealing profiles fail for predictable reasons. By recognizing these issues early, it is possible to prevent them from shortening a product’s service life.

1. Incorrect material selection. Each environment places unique demands on seals. Exposure to extreme temperatures, aggressive chemicals, or continuous mechanical stress can cause premature failure if the material is not suited for the application.
   
2. Improper installation. Even the best seal will fail if installed incorrectly. Twisting, stretching, or damaging the profile during installation can create weak points that later lead to leaks.
   
3. Wear and tear. Over time, seals are exposed to friction, compression, and vibration. Without regular inspection and replacement, natural wear can progress unnoticed until performance is lost.
   
4. Environmental exposure. UV light, ozone, moisture, and salt can degrade some materials. Outdoor applications in particular require seals with high weather resistance.

Signs That a Seal May Be Failing

Maintenance teams can often spot early warning signs before a complete failure occurs. Stiffening, cracking, visible surface damage, or reduced elasticity are common indicators. Another signal is the need for repeated tightening of equipment or components, which often points to a seal losing its ability to maintain compression. Regular checks help detect these problems before they lead to larger breakdowns.

How to Extend the Service Life of Seals

While no seal lasts forever, careful planning and maintenance can make a significant difference. Companies can increase reliability and reduce lifecycle costs by focusing on a few essential practices:

• Choose the right material. Rubber, silicone, and TPE each perform best under different conditions. Considering temperature range, chemical exposure, and mechanical stress is critical to achieving a long-lasting result.
  
• Maintain regularly. Scheduled inspections, cleaning, and timely replacement prevent small issues from becoming costly failures. A proactive approach reduces downtime and keeps equipment running smoothly.

The Role of Design in Seal Durability

Material choice is only part of the equation. The design of the extrusion profile also affects how well a seal performs over time. Proper compression, tolerance, and shape all influence how effectively a profile maintains contact and prevents leakage. Working with an experienced manufacturer helps ensure that seals are tailored to both the mechanical and environmental requirements of the application.

Balancing Cost and Reliability

It can be tempting to save on material or installation costs, but cutting corners often leads to higher expenses later. A low-cost seal that fails prematurely may result in repeated replacements, lost production, and expensive repairs. In many industries, the total cost of ownership is much lower when seals are designed and maintained with long-term performance in mind.

Conclusion: Prevent Failure Before It Happens

Seal failure is rarely a sudden event. In most cases, it is the result of predictable issues such as poor material selection, incorrect installation, or neglect in maintenance. By understanding these causes and addressing them proactively, companies can extend the lifespan of their sealing solutions and avoid costly downtime.

The right material, the right design, and the right maintenance routine form the foundation for reliable sealing. At V.A.V. Group, we work with our customers to provide solutions that last, from material selection to custom design and long-term support. If you want to improve the reliability of your equipment and prevent seal failure, our experts are ready to help.

Artikkeli Understanding Seal Failure: Common Causes and How to Extend the Life of Your Sealing Solution julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.

Three materials stand out in industrial sealing: rubber, silicone, and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Each has its own strengths and limitations. By understanding the differences, it becomes easier to select a sealing solution that ensures reliability and long service life in your environment.

Why Material Choice Matters in Sealing Solutions

Seals are small components with a big impact. The wrong material choice can lead to leaks, vibration issues, or premature wear. These failures increase maintenance costs and may cause downtime in critical industries such as construction, marine, railway, and heavy machinery.

Selecting the right sealing profile from the start reduces lifecycle costs and improves overall system reliability.

Rubber Seals: Durable and Cost-Effective

Rubber has long been a standard choice for seals because it combines durability with affordability. Rubber profiles are elastic, abrasion-resistant, and able to handle mechanical stress. They are widely used in construction, automotive parts, and general industrial machinery, where cost control matters.

The main limitation is sensitivity to weathering. Standard rubber can degrade when exposed to UV light, ozone, or extreme conditions. Its temperature tolerance is also more limited compared to silicone. For applications where performance under harsh environments is not required, rubber remains a practical and economical choice.

Silicone Seals: Resistant to Heat and Weather

Silicone provides reliable performance where rubber falls short. Its wide temperature range, from about –60 °C up to +200 °C, makes it suitable for demanding conditions. Silicone also resists UV radiation and ozone, which ensures flexibility even after years of outdoor exposure.

These properties explain why silicone profiles are widely used in the rail industry, marine environments, healthcare equipment, and food processing machinery. The trade-off is cost. Silicone is more expensive than rubber, and in some cases, it does not match rubber’s mechanical strength. Still, for long-term reliability in harsh or fluctuating environments, silicone is often the best option.

TPE Profiles: A Versatile Middle Ground

Thermoplastic elastomers, or TPE, combine rubber-like elasticity with the processing advantages of thermoplastics. This gives them a versatile role in sealing applications. TPE profiles are recyclable and provide a balance between performance and cost, making them attractive to many industries.

They are commonly used in transportation, building profiles, and consumer products. TPE is easy to customize and can be adapted to different designs, but it cannot match silicone’s resistance to extreme heat or chemicals. Companies that value both performance and sustainability often find TPE to be a strong alternative.

Key Factors in Choosing a Sealing Material

The right choice depends on the environment and requirements of each project. When comparing materials, decision-makers often consider temperature tolerance, chemical resistance, and the expected mechanical stress on the seal. Regulatory standards such as ISO, EN, or FDA requirements also guide the selection process. Increasingly, sustainability plays a role as companies look for recyclable materials and lower environmental impact.

Rubber vs Silicone vs TPE: Quick Comparison

Conclusion: Selecting the Right Material

There is no single “best” sealing material. The optimal choice depends on the environment, budget, and performance needs. Rubber offers durability and cost efficiency in everyday industrial use. Silicone excels under extreme temperatures and outdoor exposure, making it the material of choice for demanding conditions. TPE strikes a balance, offering flexibility and sustainability benefits that meet modern industry requirements.

By weighing performance, cost, and environmental considerations, companies can select the sealing material that provides both reliability and value.

At V.A.V. Group, we help our customers design and manufacture custom sealing solutions that perform in even the toughest applications. Contact our experts to discuss the best material for your project.

Artikkeli Rubber vs Silicone vs TPE – Which Material Should You Choose for Industrial Sealing? julkaistiin ensimmäisen kerran V.A.V. Group.